PLOS Pathogens: How Do Viruses Avoid Inhibition by Endogenous Cellular MicroRNAs?

Upon infection of a cell, viruses encounter a wide range of miRNA species, generally more than 50 different miRNAs per cell, and these miRNAs vary greatly between tissues. For example, miR-122 is expressed at very high levels in hepatocytes, but is absent from almost all other cells, while miR-1 is primarily expressed in muscle tissue and miR-128 in neuronal cells Indeed, many of the more than 1000 known human miRNA species show a tissue-specific expression pattern, meaning that viruses that infect multiple cell types need a way to avoid inhibition by a wide range of miRNAs with distinct mRNA-targeting specificities.
A review on how they do it............