People often feel tired when they get sick, and researchers think that the cytokines helping fight infection may induce sleepiness. If immune-system activation can affect sleep, might the converse be true—do sleep cycles affect the immune system? Erol Fikrig and colleagues at the Yale University School of Medicine isolated some of the molecular players in both the circadian and the innate immune systems. They showed that the strength of some immune responses was indeed affected by the time of day.
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