Aluminium overload after 5 years in skin biopsy following post-vaccination with subcutaneous pseudolymphoma.

Aluminium hydroxide is used as an effective adjuvant in a wide range of vaccines 
for enhancing immune response to the antigen. The pathogenic role of aluminium
hydroxide is now recognized by the presence of chronic fatigue syndrome,
macrophagic myofasciitis and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma, linked to intramuscular
injection of aluminium hydroxide-containing vaccines. The aim of this study is to
verify if the subcutaneous pseudolymphoma observed in this patient in the site of
vaccine injection is linked to an aluminium overload. Many years after
vaccination, a subcutaneous nodule was discovered in a 45-year-old woman with
subcutaneous pseudolymphoma. In skin biopsy at the injection site for vaccines,
aluminium (Al) deposits are assessed by Morin stain and quantification of Al is
performed by Zeeman Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Morin
stain shows Al deposits in the macrophages, and Al assays (in μg/g, dry weight)
were 768.10±18 for the patient compared with the two control patients, 5.61±0.59 
and 9.13±0.057. Given the pathology of this patient and the high Al concentration
in skin biopsy, the authors wish to draw attention when using the Al salts known 
to be particularly effective as adjuvants in single or repeated vaccinations. The
possible release of Al may induce other pathologies ascribed to the well-known
toxicity of this metal.